W \STON
ART GROUP
Retail Replacement Value Appraisal
Property Belonging to
Mr. Richard Kahn
9 East 71st Street, New York, New York
Values as of
June 24, 2015
Values as of June 24, 2015 8182.1, Retal Replacement Value Apprasal Page 1 of 32
41 East 57th Street * 29th Floor * New York, NY * 10022 *
EFTA01114641
WINSTON
ART GROUP
Table of Contents
Affidavit Pages 3-4
Scope of Work Pages 5-6
Narrative Page 7
Grand Total Page 8
Appendix: GIA Certificates Pages 9-13
Market Overviews Pages 14-23
Appraisal Definitions and Terminology Pages 24-28
Fine Jewelry: Terms and Definitions Pages 29-30
Terms and Conditions Page 31
Curriculum vitae Page 32
Values as of June 24, 2015 8182.1, Reta Rep acement Value Appraisal Page 2 of 32
41 East 57th Street * 29th Floor * New York, NY * 10022 *
EFTA01114642
WI\STON
ART GROUP
AFFIDAVIT
STATE OF NEW YORK)
SS:
COUNTY OF NEW YORK)
I, David Sleeman, Director of Winston Art Group, Tax ID It 27-2541263, being duly sworn, hereby depose
and certify:
That the facts contained in this report are true and correct to the best of the ability of the appraiser.
That the reported analyses, opinions, and conclusions herein are limited only by the reported
assumptions and limiting conditions and are the appraiser's personal, impartial, and unbiased
professional analyses, opinions, and conclusions. That the appraiser has no personal or financial interest
regarding the property or the parties involved. That the appraiser has no bias regarding the property or
the parties involved. That this appraisal represents our best judgment and opinion as to the Retail
Replacement Value of the subject property. That our appraisal will not be a representation or warranty
with respect to authenticity, genuineness or provenance. That the values are given for the same or
comparable items. That you agree to indemnify and hold Winston Art Group harmless from and against
any and all claims, actions, damages, losses, liabilities, and expenses (including legal fees) relating to this
appraisal. That the fee is charged on an hourly basis and is not contingent upon the value of the objects
appraised.
That on June 24, 2015, at the request of Mr. Richard Kahn, he caused Kelly Schaber, a qualified appraiser
of tangibles of the kind and character set down upon the annexed schedule who has been in the
appraisal business for over 30 years to examine and appraise the retail replacement value of property
belonging to Mr. Richard Kahn, 9 East 71st Street, New York, New York.
That the appraisal is prepared in accordance with the 2014-2015 USPAP. The values provided are as of
the date of inspection, June 24, 2015. That the appraisal is for Retail Replacement Value, defined by the
Appraiser's Association of America as the amount it would cost to replace an item with one of similar
and like quality purchased in the most appropriate marketplace within a limited amount of time.
That this appraisal was prepared using the Comparative Market Data Approach, in which appraised
value is based upon past prices for similar works by the same artist or artisan, or similar works by
another artist or artisan of equal standing and related reputation.
Values as of June 24, 2015 8182.1, Retal Replacement Value Apprasal Page 3 of 32
41 East 57th Street * 29th Floor * New York, NY * 10022 *
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WI\STO\
ART GROUP
That the Retail Replacement Value is: THREE HUNDRED EIGHTY THOUSAND FIVE HUNDRED AND
00/1 ($380,500.00) DOLLARS.
d Sleeman
ector
ned on behalf of all appraisers.
Notary Public
Signed and sworn before me this day
l g day of July, 2015
JOELLE KRAUS
NOTARY PUBLIC-STATE OF NEW YORK
No. 01KR6314174
Qualified In New York County
My Commission Expires November 03. 2018
Vaues as s' June 24, 20-.5 8182.1. Retal Repbcernen: Value Appraisal 'age 4 o' 32
41 East 57th Street * 29th Floor * New York, NY ' 10022 *
EFTA01114644
WI\STON
ART GROUP
SCOPE OF WORK
Purpose of Appraisal: The appraiser was asked to examine and appraise, and to prepare a RETAIL
REPLACEMENT VALUE appraisal from inspection, for insurance purposes. This report is not valid for any
other purposes.
Category of Items: 4 loose diamonds
Client: Mr. Richard Kahn
Owner: Mr. Richard Kahn
Ownership Interest Art Loss Registry: The question of title was not considered for this appraisal. The
appraiser did not undertake a title search with the Art Loss Registry.
Effective Date of Appraisal: Values expressed in this appraisal are effective as of the date of inspection,
June 24, 2015.
User(s) of Appraisal: This appraisal can be used and relied upon by the client and his/her designates,
including the insurance company. Any other user is considered an unintended user.
Assignment Considerations and Limiting Conditions: The appraiser inspected works in one location and
was provided with adequate time to examine the works. GIA Certificates were provided by the client
and have been scanned for use in the appendix of this report for reference. The appraiser was given
adequate time to research the works. Relevant comparable information is included in the document or
maintained in the work file at the offices of Winston Art Group and available upon request.
Extraordinary Assumptions: An extraordinary assumption is defined as an assumption, directly related
to a specific assignment, as of the effective date of the assignment results, which, if found to be false,
could alter the appraisers opinions or conclusions. All documentation and images provided by the client
are assumed to be accurate.
Hypothetical Conditions: A hypothetical condition is defined as a condition, directly related to a specific
assignment, which is contrary to what is known by the appraiser to exist on the effective date of the
assignment results, but is used for the purpose of analysis. No hypothetical conditions have been
applied to this appraisal.
Method of Examination: Examination consisted of a visual inspection of the items and the images to
confirm the medium, style, quality, date, measurements, and condition of the works. Lighting and
image quality were considered adequate.
Photography: A 10 megapixel digital camera was used for photography. Photographs have been
cropped and straightened for closer views.
Values as of June 24, 2015 8182.1, Retal Replacement Value Apprasal Page 5 of 32
41 East 57th Street * 29th Floor * New York, NY * 10022 *
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WINSTON
ART GROUP
Method of Research: Research was conducted in the offices of Winston Art Group and with on-line
auction result databases such as Artfact.com, Artnet.com, and Artprice.com. In addition, the appraiser
was in contact with the appropriate retail venues.
Approach to Value: The appraiser has employed the "market comparison" approach to arrive at the
appraised "Retail Replacement Value". The "income" approach and the "cost" approach are not
applicable to this particular appraisal and were not considered.
Market Examined: The "market comparison" approach analyzes recent sales of comparable articles at
major international and regional auction houses, private and public sales, shows and exhibitions, as well
as prevailing prices at retail shops and galleries where the article may normally be traded.
Type of Valuation: The Retail Replacement Value is defined as the amount it would cost to replace an
item with one of similar and like quality purchased in the most appropriate marketplace within a limited
amount of time.
Type of Appraisal & USPAP Compliancy: This report is considered an unrestricted appraisal according
to the rules of USPAP 2014-2015 (Uniform Standard of Professional Appraisal Practice) and follows the
guidelines of USPAP for providing all of the necessary information/analysis to satisfy the report writing
requirements of an unrestricted appraisal.
Values as of June 24, 2015 8182.1, Retal Replacement Value Apprasal Page 6 of 32
41 East 57th Street * 29th Floor * New York, NY * 10022 *
EFTA01114646
WINSTON
ART Gpc-)! 1p
Retail Replacement Value
WAG *: 8182/153542 $115,000
LOOSE ROUND BRILLIANT DIAMOND 2.36 CARATS
One loose round brilliant cut diamond 2.36 carats, measuring 8.68 x 8.73 x
5.17 mm , Color D, clarity Internally Flawless, polish Very Good, symmetry
Excellent, Fluorescence none. For further details please see the attached
GM certificate #13096420
FURTHER DETAILS
GM certificate #13096420 (see Appendix)
WAG *: 8182/153539 $95,500
LOOSE ROUND BRILLIANT DIAMOND 2.28 CARATS
One loose round brilliant cut diamond 2.28 carats, measuring 8.54 x 8.61 x
5.18 mm, Color D, clarity Internally Flawless, Polish Excellent, Symmetry
Excellent, Fluorescence Faint. For further details please see the attached
GM certificate #13100048
FURTHER DETAILS
GM certificate #13100048 (see Appendix)
WAG #: 8182/153541 $87,500
LOOSE ROUND BRILLIANT DIAMOND 2.13 CARATS
One loose round brilliant cut diamond 2.13 carats, measuring 8.22 x 8.33 x
5.20 mm, Color D, clarity Internally Flawless, polish Very Good, symmetry
Very Good, Fluorescence none. For further details please see the attached
GM certificate #12378695
FURTHER DETAILS
GM certificate #12378695 (see Appendix)
WAG *: 8182/153540 $82,500
LOOSE ROUND BRILLIANT DIAMOND 2.03 CARATS
One loose round brilliant cut diamond 2.03 carats, measuring 8.19 x 8.31 x
•* 4.99 mm, Color D, clarity Internally Flawless, polish Very Good, symmetry
Very Good, Fluorescence none. For further details please see the attached
GM certificate #10177902
FURTHER DETAILS
GM certificate #10177902 (see Appendix)
Values as of June 24, 2015 8182.1, Retai Replacement Value Appraisal Page 7 of 32
41 East 57th Street * 29th Floor * New York, NW * 1CO22 *
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WI\ETON
ART GPO! !P
Retail Replacement Value
Grand Total (4 Items) $380,500
Values as of June 24, 2015 8182.1, Retai Replacement Value Appraisal Page 8 of 32
41 East 57th Street * 29th Floor * New York, NY * 1CO22 *
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Appendix
GIA Certificates (see corresponding WAG#
noted upper left)
Values as of June 24, 2015 8182.1, Retail Replacement Value Appraisal Page 9 of 32
41 East 57th Street * 29th Floor " . . York, NV 10022 *
EFTA01114649
WAG #: 8182/153539
Wtw York 133101.1FLY4
SW Ma Moo Fes Ix\ II W 5,VP
GIA
GEM TRADE LABORATORY
CIFILAE1
SL5.5 AnLAJ Ore I Cato' a 92(iLA (ZS
DIAMOND GRADING REPORT
January 29, 2004 1111.910
Shape and Cutting Style ....... ROUND BRILLIANT
nu bloat so a writ nuatig peva
Measurements 8.68 - 9 73 z 5 17mm
lhaptamodeilfribletwauta d ilt
Weight .. 2.36 carat rodikolonsiOsha UsIs pail watt
al ad NSW* In WY aim
Proportwns
ill lid Wawa were hi Iwo Spolet
Depth 59.4 ort SI le Wain *wow" NSra
Gobite andr vf oiswew
sass Olin tiwisPOI011at
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cambl twMYOUMYtr SSC* fat
Culet NONE 6IA ma lefaMill hwalt IbileAti veep
CLARITY COLOR wssa ul NO sweaubdoo out woo
Finish SCALE SCALE *Ws dad swim ion WO sow,
Polish — — VERY GOOD Ibl raw INISICMCS Mew wait al
sre iambi SON, MON mow Cal
Symmetry — EXCELLENT
00IMif Ilrwr, an he Waits Ira
Clarity Grade INTERNALLY FLAWLESS Paprkakope. dodo loo Mars Pit
Mr1201.11 wd aim Mao • IOPSO7 as WSJ
Color Grade *NI owl SOS ilOINS1 et r
Fluorescence — NONE WS. ma quit OS sul tame Pis
olop bozo wompowenwomilmod
Comments: swat vid wild Is Nano won
Minor details of polish are not shown. wt soak sa al dip daaomoa M ds
adwooks Ng okapis St pi le
plowiwskadoodewkollierlieli
cwsit a ISIS OS awn. aka Ws
wows wd modulo el ai Erl MEI
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...Mir CM: 1110,Nitii AP.VII a AOC it
Va ues as of June 24, 2015 8182.1, Retail Replacement Value Appraisal Page 10 of 32
EFTA01114650
WAG #: 8182/153540
Nor Yid liultarol
SIN fall bag I .479I
GIA T
GEM TRADE LABORATORY Cotib.4
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1~1f:~
DIAMOND GRADING REPORT
0 I
January 26, 2004 148019601
Shape and Cutting Style ROUND BRILLIANT
bon b of a mon.** fr wont
Measurements ............................8.54 - 8.61 x 5.18 mm ea Etna MI=1*QI 1413.141a3 YU&
on( Rutin km Ito IIIn Or late is
lanai ad Wad ty CIA Ga Gal Wain
4 Proportions afb $2 0011114118, flab ko tea toast
0
c ism Re kis* si Read *Soo OA
Table 57 % Ike kis ism* l lb mei Re im*
5R *Art its in RI boos inns Midi Eil
Girdle MEDIUM, FACETED oreckt101b* W tasks Mow*
Culet SMALL 64 VA ta obi COS* invik stabbed mei
COLOR now* al lit act Sim ail asst
Finish CLARITY
SCAL E • SCALE ohmic Rani — eta. 1tehity
Polish EXCELLENT 11•10 of h-.. soup solso flan
-EXCELLENT no inn* tram Mao rptia On
Symmetry •••••••••••••••••••••••••.---
Nam Moo am law mei* it
also
Clarity Grade INTERNALLY FLAWLESS FonNo•Sotts. dra* boo MUM Top
10111 ad asc0g Iv** as mossip lid got*
Color Grade o Sato la* tiolcblits WM* btu or
E
Fluorescence FAINT s,, iil fhd seat it Wind etouclalts
dm) Oman si sass Miami* el at
Comments: *at a10 AVM okst• Not OW
Minor details of polish we not shown. NO smokily bidets dinuokis 1.1
vs, si Omni' q,a Os int OROS Irk
wain. TM mad tool oe Mlle
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vs, sea et ael obvistiodoi on d*
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EFTA01114651
WAG #: 8182/153541
Sr. Yod, Saipan
SIC Mb Walt let if tOnt4/11
GIA 1
GEM TRADE LABORATORY Casa
SOMA ave I4Md, CA 1201-4Re
f: If_
DIAMOND GRADING REPORT
CEA REPORT 12378895
January GO, DODD p1 419901
Shape and Cutting St* ROUND BRILLIANT Ile Eta h mi a maim, Seto appal
Measurements B22 • 833 x 5.20 mm a INK aliatattls dots e ti
nadleollaliesler eblla9dlleaa.
Weight ......_..................._._._..........._..2.13 carat
alma id SS If VA to be kisser
Proportions • Klit seam Se Ist km leallet
INS neetin SS SO b
U. SSW a Mire d boar
Table 66 96 slim at a teed les aasl.LMS Mk
Girdle MEDIUM TO SLIGHTLY THICK, FACETED aweeMtap SYS nes mop
ftli IN er S tops Seek SSA anal
Wet VERY SMALL CURRY I secOutOill mesa et St ast ISMS Its.
SCALE Mae And may S. hp mat
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Note I 0 hventakete.ISM IS elkele oma
Clarity Grade INTERNALLY FLAWLESS ay as NOUS a Sled tad apse
8= I I
CMor Grade . . YYY tai Nd *merit, lobo* Sof *
WS, H lict Mailab lain antis S
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n. gi--- ay axiom ism US Dahlia
SI gi asses %mpg dint Wilma
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KEY TO SYMBOLS r
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Values as of June 24, 2015 8182.1, Retail Replacement Value Apprasal Page 12 of 32
EFTA01114652
WAG #: 8182/153542
Kw( Teri Muditarlell
.14onst ON ?at 17116161731
20
GIA P:_
GEM TRADE LABORATORY
SICSh-14IJ lir 46.4
F
DIAMOND GRADING REPORT
Novemt;er 26, 2002
NMI
1484114,
Shape and Cutting Style ROUND BRILLIANT **IR Id 3 WiKI tN go*
Measurements 8.19 - 8.31 c 4.99 mm RN ttaltartlay MdsarNnd Os ia
Nag 11011,11.0 MarlWts1Wit DM
C nad Saliva to ildl 1.6207
Proportions Nil MC Anikalra afire W is SM.
C at11 MOWS
Depth 60.5 % In in ores sM no el It mows
Table 59 % We la M iLini tro• 111eftl ed*?
7 mad Wm be WWI* nyeamir
Girdle VERY THIN TO MEDIUM, FACETED
CIA CIA lei fit Mil* desk voided trot
Culet VERY SMALL CLARITY COLOR Melool *RP sitdWkltpl tiffs.
*AU SCALE Rya MS S. Mt* Sip
Finish
sbil Imo %MIS Milli *IA Yet
Polish VERY GOOD we **I ISM Ribilionst TOTS
Symmetry VERY GOOD MOM mamnid* w her Xtatus
orlen4ule SIN S. Sim pm.
Clarity Grade .......... ......INTERNALLY FLAWLESS m6 sag teak ft simin 111"mkt,
Color Grade es NM SYS OAS Oat t
Mt lid vet Ss St do:Wits 0*
Fluorescence NONE §
▪ x libultIVIssIVIVS soft old
WS. ▪ LI 1
Comments: St W old/ S htdl to, pvlot
a eV ENSHINVIVIVS0011•1MVP
Minor details of polish aro not shown. na 4 fir anlig *WS So dist
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am* Indirl*ISMIIRSX
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Vaues as of June 24, 2015 8182.1, Retal Replacement Value Appraisal Page 13 of 32
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Market Overviews
African and Oceanic Art:
Works of art with dazzling familial and retail provenances were the star sellers in the 2013 season in
New York and Paris. The 2013 sales included legendary private collections with large concentrations of
specific regional and/or ethnic examples of superlative sculptures. These single-owner sales led the
market in both the African and Oceanic art categories. The same was true for the both domestic and
European markets, the latter being the stronger venue.
Among the offerings of African art, power figures called nkisi from the Democratic Republic of Congo
created much excitement with one reaching $1.8 million, including the buyer's premium. Oceanic art
sales also saw healthy results, with a rare example of traditional architectural sculpture from the Biwat
people in the Sepik River area, Papua New Guinea achieving €2,505,500, also with commission. Both
were exceptional offerings. The significance of provenance was even evidenced by the recurring
importance of historic base makers, such as those stylistically identifiable (and often signed) wood
supports by the Japanese craftsman Kichizo Inagaki who resided in Paris.
American Painting:
The end of 2008 through early 2011 presented challenges to the American art market. While the top
end held strong, the middle market did not sell robustly, either failing to find buyers, or attracting only
opportunistic buyers. Because the banks pulled back credit, even dealers who would normally buy for
inventory instead held on to cash. Galleries that held large inventory at the outset of the recession were
forced to offer substantial discounts to collectors in order to maintain cash flow.
The private market for American art has always had wider margins than the auction market. Private sale
prices can be significantly higher than those for comparable works at auction. The works of important
19th century Hudson River School and genre paintings remain in private hands. These works have been
slower to come to market in this tenuous moment, as sellers await a more robust market.
Following the 2013 sale season there have been exuberant prices in all sectors of the art market. In the
American art market in particular, there have been strong and steady prices at all levels, which is a
departure from the last five years, which only saw strong prices at the top of the market.
-Betty Krulik, Specialist, American Art
Asian Works of Art:
The economic development and increased wealth in Asia over the past decade has led to a viable art
market consisting of a rise in Asian collectors, as well as a renewed international interest in the arts of
Asian cultures. In particular, Asian contemporary art, especially Chinese contemporary, has received a
massive amount of attention from overseas speculators. Notably, billionaire Wang Jialin purchased
Values as of June 24, 2015 8182.1, Retal Replacement Value Apprasal Page 14 of 32
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Pablo Picasso's Claude et Polomo at Sotheby's New York November 2013 auction for $28.2 million.
There has also been a plethora of international galleries who have opened businesses in Hong Kong with
much thanks to spotlight from Art Basel Hong Kong, the art fair which debuted in May 2013.
In 2013 Christie's and Sotheby's saw growth in their Hong Kong sales. At Sotheby's Zeng Fanzhi's The
Lost Supper set the record for the most expensive piece of Chinese contemporary art ever sold at
auction at $23.1 million. We have seen an especially strong market for marked porcelains from the 18th
and early 19th centuries as well as an upheaval of interest in jades (only in white and green colors), and
Archaic bronzes. The Indian art market continues to climb, with sales up 27 percent from September
2012.
The Chinese art market is the fastest growing contemporary art market in the world. Asia Week New
York 2014 saw the largest number of galleries participating since its inception, with a record-setting 47
dealers presenting museum-quality exhibitions.
It should be noted that the field of Chinese paintings and calligraphy is extremely complex and scholarly
opinions concerning authenticity are more complicated and nuanced than is customary for western
drawing and painting. The major international auction houses reflect the lack of scholarly consensus in
the category of Chinese paintings (including calligraphy) by amending their standard terms of guarantee.
For example, beginning in the 1980s, all Sotheby's catalogues of Fine Chinese offered for sale in New
York have included the following statement:
'The artists' names recorded in this catalogue are not to be taken as unqualified attributions to the
artists named. No unqualified attributions to any artist or date are made or intended. The current
scholarship in the field of Chinese paintings does not permit unqualified statements as to authorship of
date of execution. . . "
Christie's indicates in the fine print of their catalogues that the standard warranty does not apply "in
respect of Southeast Asian Modern and Contemporary Art and Chinese Painting and Calligraphy where
current scholarship does not permit the making of definitive statements."
The two firms have slightly different ways of handling disputes concerning authenticity, but both
statements serve as legal disclaimers which amend Sotheby's and Christie's usual terms of guarantee
and limit their legal liability. More importantly, however, they are an accurate assessment of the state of
the field of Chinese paintings and calligraphy. Although during the last two decades the market for
Chinese paintings has increased exponentially, both in terms of the number of buyers and the prices
paid for all categories of works, and there has been a tremendous renewal of scholarly interest,
especially in mainland China, the field has still not reached a stage of consensus concerning the
authenticity and relative quality of a great many works.
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Throughout history collectors and connoisseurs of Chinese painting and calligraphy have always
grappled with issues of authenticity. Since there is a long tradition of making legitimate copies of earlier
works, as a means of preserving the essential qualities of the originals, as well as a way for students to
learn the art of writing and painting, it is often very difficult to distinguish between an authentic work
and a close copy. Naturally, the skills acquired in the process of making legitimate copies could also be
used to create intentional forgeries. In past centuries sophisticated Chinese collectors were well aware
of the complex nature of the field and they recognized the challenge of separating originals from
forgeries but also understood that authenticity is only one factor in determining the value of a given
work. For example, good copies or school works made contemporaneously with the originals are of
significant value, as are later versions of now-lost compositions. Condition and provenance (including
exhibition and publication) are also important factors in assessing value. Among Chinese collectors there
has always been a certain level of subjectivity with regards to assessing relative quality, as well as the
expectation that there might be a range of opinions with respect to the authenticity and date of
execution of any given work. Unlike the situation for most important European and American artists,
there are no published catalogues raisonnes or authentication panels for individual artists.
For western collectors more accustomed to the expectation of a black-and-white determination of
authenticity, Chinese painting and calligraphy can be an especially challenging field. Because of the fluid
nature of attributions and the subjective nature of defining relative quality, it has always been very
difficult to predict how a given work will fare in the marketplace and therefore very difficult to assign
fair market values. Often, works deemed as dubious by many scholars will sell for very high prices at
auction.
The current situation is further exacerbated by peculiarities of the market. In recent decades, as Asian
economies have prospered, and currency restrictions have loosened in Taiwan and China, the
percentage of Chinese buyers active in the market for Chinese paintings has naturally increased. Since
1993, when China Guardian Auctions was founded, a number of mainland Chinese auction houses have
been established, with a primary focus on Chinese paintings and calligraphy. Mainland collectors now
dominate the market and Chinese auction houses account for an overwhelming percentage of total
sales of Chinese paintings worldwide. However, as has been noted in a number of recent articles in the
New York Times, Wall Street Journal, Forbes, and elsewhere, the tremendous expansion of the art
market in China has not come without problems. It is reported that many works that are sold in auction
are not actually paid for and that in some cases the published prices are not the actual prices but in fact
have been inflated for marketing purposes. The fine art auction market is new in China and the
appropriate safeguards for ensuring transparency and accuracy have not yet been put in place.
Therefore, although the appraiser must rely, in part, on the results of the Chinese auctions since the
great majority of transactions take place in China, we must recognize that it is sometimes impossible for
an appraiser to know for certain whether or not a work has actually been sold and, if so, whether or not
the published price is accurate.
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41 East 57th Street * 29th Floor * New York, NY * 10022 *
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ART GROUP
Winston Art Group valuations are made with full knowledge of the complexities and complications
associated with the current international market. While taking into account all of the available data we
have ultimately relied on our own experience and professional judgment in determining the values.
-Arnold Chang, Specialist, Asian Works of Art
Books & Manuscripts:
In 2013, the high-end market for rare books, manuscripts and literary property continued to perform
well, in comparison with low-end items which, with some exceptions, remained static or even declined
in value. Condition continues to be of paramount importance in all areas of the rare book market.
A number of books and manuscripts sold at auction for more than $1,000,000, including an unrecorded
copy of Virgil's Opera (Venice: Vindelinus de Spira, 1470) which realized £1,181,875 including buyer's
premium ($1,843,725), above an estimate of £500,000 - 800,000. That this item was sold to a member
of the American book trade reflects a high level of confidence in the sale of rare books. The Collection of
Arthur of Charlotte Vershbow (Part IV) was sold at Christie's New York in October 2013, and included
many incredible results. Most notably Odilon Redon's renderings of Les Fleurs du Mal, sold for the
staggering sum of $1,625,000 (including buyer's premium). In 2013 the market witnessed the sale of
the most expensive printed book ever to appear at auction, namely the so-called "Bay Psalms Book"
(Sotheby's New York, 26 November 2013) which realized $14,165,000 (including buyer's premium).
Concerning modern first editions, signed copies in dust jackets continue to perform well, while unsigned
copies lacking dust jackets have been perceived as being of little consequence, owing to their
ubiquity on the Internet. High prices were paid for signed books by certain "canonical" authors,
such as Hemingway, Faulkner, Hammett and Fitzgerald. When these books are signed by the author
and/or are preserved in the original dust-jacket, prices soar. Interestingly, this trend does not hold true
for lesser-known works by the same authors. Interest in women and African-American authors greatly
increased in 2013. Note the copy of F. Scott Fitzgerald's Great Gatsby (New York, 1925), first edition,
first printing, which sold at Heritage on 17 Oct. 2013. The dust jacket, while unrestored, was torn
and partially defective; the book realized $46,875 (including buyer's premium).
-Michael Laird, Specialist, Rare Books, Manuscripts and Archives
Collectible Cars:
The collector car market continues to be robust in activity. Overall auction results have maintained a
sustained rise in prices coupled with high sell through rates. There also has been active media coverage
of blockbuster private transactions. The collector car world has caught the attention of the art world
along with finance media. The words "art" and "investment" are now stated in the same sentence as
collector automobiles.
We find at the top of the mountain the Ferrari market. The "Enzo Era" examples are leading the charge
by a long stretch accompanied by a very few special examples of alternative marques that become
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available. Additionally we are finding the Mercedes 300SL to be incredibly desirable. The next level in
demand is European sports cars, such as Porsches, Aston Martins, Alfa Romeos and the like. Also at this
level are desirable pre-war coach built cars. The sought after cars must be correct, restored specimens
or really pure examples in original condition. If the car possess either of those two criteria, the demand
is strong, if they do not, the drop off in interest is substantial.
-Jock De Camp, Specialist, Classic Cars and Motorcycles
Jewelry:
The market for fine jewelry remains strong, steadily building on the momentum of the past few years.
Signed pieces of importance, investment grade gemstones, rare colorless diamonds, and fancy colored
diamonds continue to achieve superlative auction results, and are in high demand by collectors of the
highest wealth demographic. Specifically, rare fancy pink and blue diamonds continue to be highly
coveted for ultra-wealthy collectors who seek alternative tangible investments. Chinese demand has
shown signs of entering a plateau, while Japanese demand for fine jewelry and gems is growing. The
middle market has seen some increased activity, although it remains fairly stagnant.
-Jason Nelson, Specialist, Watches, Coins, Paper Money, Stamps, and Jewelry
Judaica:
2013 was a pivotal year for those interested in collecting Jewish ceremonial. Continuing the trend set at
the end of 2012, when several important pieces from historical collections were put up for
auction, major Judaica items were again offered for sale. The most important was the sale of the
Michael and Judy Steinhardt collection of Jewish ceremonial art at Sotheby's in May. This collection was
amassed carefully over the course of 25 years and most of the objects sold at record highs or at prices
higher than original estimates. In general, it can be said that objects with certain provenance, and
especially objects from the 18th century, remain in highest demand and continue to increase in value.
On the lower end of the market, there remains a steady interest in Judaica on paper, including posters,
postcards, broadsides, ephemera, advertising and other artifacts of Jewish, Israeli or Hebrew content.
-Elizabeth Berman, Specialist, Modern and Contemporary Art, Judaica,
Historical Papers, American and European Fine Arts and Antiquities
Faberge and Russian Works of Art:
There was a dramatic boom in the Russian art market between 2004 and 2008. During this time period,
prices for anything Russian skyrocketed. Whether considering icons, late 19th century landscapes and
genre scenes, early 20th century modernist paintings, Russian contemporary art, pan-Slavic furniture,
sliver, enamels, or the elegant wares of Carl Faberg4, the value of Russian works is increasing steadily.
The economic recession also affected the competitive spirit of Russian oligarchs. Beginning in 2008,
prices for all but the finest works of art leveled off, and in some cases dipped to half their previous
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values, allowing frustrated Western buyers to enter the market. Contemporary paintings suffered most,
while the logical survivors were those notoriously outstanding paintings and works of art.
Interestingly, there exists an increasingly strong demand for late 19th and early 20th century cloisonné
enamels. As a word of caution, the boom has engendered tens of thousands of attractively-priced
forgeries available to gullible buyers, most produced in Brighton Beach or near 47th Street in New York
City.
In 2013, both the spring and fall Russian Art Weeks produced strong sales. In June, $82 million worth of
Russian paintings, icons and Faberge was sold. Christie's November 2013 sale included a rare Soviet
porcelain vase, which sold for $684,450, setting a new world record for a piece of Soviet porcelain. A
highlight in the Sotheby's November 2013 sale was an Imperial porcelain vase, which sold for 2,210,500
GBP ($3,679,377). Sotheby's combined sales at Russian Art Week Fall 2013 totaled $25,984,610.
Meanwhile, Christie's Russian Art Week Fall 2013 sales totaled $21,115,223.
Old Masters, 19th Century:
The market for Old Masters and 19th century paintings has continued the pattern of polarization of the
last four years. This has seen increased demand for only the very best works by the most celebrated
artists when they appear at auction and in the private dealing market. Good physical condition and
freshness to the market continue to contribute significantly to these exceptional prices. High-quality
Orientalist paintings have also been performing exceptionally well with strong demand from private
buyers and Middle Eastern institutions.
Meanwhile, the middle and lower levels of the market, particularly for works that have recently been
seen on the market, or are not in near-perfect condition, remains difficult. While Old Master and 19th
Century paintings have always been popular with established collectors in Europe and the United States,
new buyers from Russia as well as Central and South America are increasingly playing a dominant role in
the market. There has been some recent activity from new Asian-based buyers, but as the overall Asian
art market has softened, their presence has been less predictable and their buying patterns less regular.
Some successful activity in the private sales sector in Asia should be noted.
-Piers Davies, Specialist, Old Master Paintings and le Century Art, Sporting Art
Photographs & Photographic Literature:
The market for photography, which recovered most of its post-recession losses by 2011, has remained
remarkably stable over the last three years. Continuing a trend among collectors to compete for works
by well-established artists and iconic images as well as auction houses and dealers catering to a
wealthier clientele, the percentage of lots sold at auction for $1,000,000 or more has surpassed its
previous high in 2008. In contrast, the percentage of lots sold for less than $10,000 has dropped by 15%
over the same period. This latter statistic is a reflection of auction houses being more selective with the
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works they consign, rather than a decrease in interest for work at this price point, which still represents
a hearty 40% of photographs sold.
Contemporary photography continues to dominate the top-tier of the photography market, with
Andreas Gursky's monumental works representing five of the top ten photographic lots sold at auction
in 2013. Prices for iconic photographs by stalwarts of early to mid-20th century photographers, such as
Man Ray, Alfred Stieglitz, Robert Frank and Edward Weston, have seen prices rising precipitously,
indicating growing confidence in this sector of the market and a greater appreciation for the rarity of
exceptional prints by these artists. With these gains, traditional photography dealers are testing the
waters at many of the larger international art fairs, and have been successfully attracting collectors who
appreciate the stability and growing maturity of the photography market.
-Lucy von Brachel, Specialist, Photography
Oriental Carpets:
Over the past decade, classical court carpets dating from the 16th and 17th Centuries have realized the
highest prices in the international auction market. On June 5, 2013, Sotheby's New York sold the
collection of copper baron William Andrews Clark. This collection, comprising 25 exceptional carpets
from this period, was bequeathed to the Corcoran Gallery of Art in 1925, and was being offered to
benefit future acquisitions at that institution. It was generally accepted that this was the most
important group of carpets to be offered in the past 80 years.
The star lot of the sale, Lot 12, referred to as the Clark sickle-leaf carpet, was woven in southeast Persia
in the first half of the seventeenth century. Measuring 8' 9" x 6' 5", it possessed a great balance of
design, as well as exceptional color and condition. Estimated at $5,000,000 - 7,000,000, it realized
$33,765,000 (including premium), eclipsing previous record auction prices for a carpet ($9,600,000 for a
17th Century Kirman carpet sold at Christie's London in 2010), an Islamic work of art ($12,000,000 for an
illustrated leaf from the Safavid Shahnameh of Shah Tahmasp sold at Sotheby's in 2011), and a piece of
furniture ($27,800,000 for Eileen Gray's "Dragons" chair sold at Christie's in 2009).
Another classical court carpet offered at Christie's London on October 8, 2013, was a Mughal millefleurs
carpet previously owned by Cornelius Vanderbilt. It sold for $7,687,119, confirming the incredible
strength of the market for rare period carpets with provenance.
-Mark Topalian, Specialist, Rugs, Carpets and Tapestries
Sports and Music Memorabilia:
The sports memorabilia market has exhibited very strong results for market-fresh, high-end material
during the past couple of years. In December 2013, one of Jesse Owen's 1936 Berlin Summer Olympics
gold medals sold for $1.4 million, setting a new record for Olympic sports memorabilia. Likewise, the
music memorabilia market has shown a burst of energy, as well as a gradual shift toward more
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contemporary Pop movements like Punk, Grunge, and Hip Hop. Iconic items from the classic era of Rock
have shown exceptional growth, as evidenced by Bob Dylan's Newport Festival Stratocaster, which sold
in December 2013 for $965,000, well exceeding the estimate of $300,000 - 500,000. Bob Dylan, now 72,
played the 1964 Stratocaster in his famous performance at the Newport Folk Festival in 1965, during
which he was backed by an electric band for the first time.
- Simeon Lipman, Specialist, Popular Culture
Vintage Guitars:
The vintage guitar market represents manufacturers including Gibson, Fender, and Martin. Factors that
influence price include how rare the instrument t is, modifications such as refinishing and changed
pickups, provenance, overall condition, and sonic qualities. Many of these instruments showcase
examples of iconic American design that span from Art Deco to Modern. Guitars, like many musical
instruments, require a controlled environment of 40 to 50 percent humidity. A guitar that has been kept
in an area outside of these parameters might exhibit finish checking, binding delamination, and,
in severe cases, top plate and back plate cracks. Such factors can greatly reduce a guitar's value.
In general, the vintage market for Stratocasters continues to fall, which is good for buyers. February
2014 hammer prices at Heritage auction saw many pre-CBS Fender Stratocasters selling well below prior
years' prices. Conversely, vintage Gibson Les Paul prices have skyrocketed, especially sunburst colors. In
February 2014, hammer prices reached $200,000, which is an encouraging sign, and presents sellers
with a good opportunity to sell at a significant profit. This, in turn, is pushing later vintage Gibson prices
higher and has created a significant market for guitar counterfeiters who are also cashing in on the
strong market.
-Chris Ullrich, Specialist, Musical Instruments
Wine:
The global market for fine and rare wine continues to evolve. Bordeaux has been and remains the
largest part of the market. A key insight for collectors worldwide, though, is that an important shift
within the Bordeaux market is occurring. Collectors have been wisely shifting their purchases towards
older, more mature vintages that can often sell for less than very expensive young vintages. Wine
collectors should continue during 2014 to focus on acquiring wines from the early 2000s, 1990s and
1980s as these wines offer far better value — there are many excellent to great vintages from the top
chateaux that cost much less than more expensive vintages 2005 and younger. In addition, these wines
can be consumed and enjoyed either now or much sooner.
Collectors worldwide are shifting their purchases and collections towards Burgundy, which was
underscored in 2013 auction results. Burgundy was responsible for 15% of the bottles we sold during
2013, yet the region generated 35% of auction revenue. Clearly collectors want to own Burgundy, of
which far less is made compared to the wines of Bordeaux, and they will pay a premium to own these
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wines. One estate, the Domaine de la Romanee-Conti (DRC), remained the most important brand for the
entire global wine auction market at the end of 2013.
The top wine regions in the world, beyond Bordeaux and Burgundy, will remain very attractive during
2014 due to macro demographic trends for income worldwide, increasing global wealth and health and
the resulting interest in collectible wine. Plus the quality of winemaking and skills in these vineyards has
never been higher. The wisest strategy is to focus zealously on buying the best-known, greatest
producers from France, Italy and the USA, with Bordeaux and Burgundy accounting for the majority of
one's collection.
-John Kapon, Specialist Fine and Rare Wines
Impressionist and Modern and Contemporary:
The 2014 auctions got off to a strong start with the impressionist and modern art evening sales fetching
a combined total of more than $400 million. Notably in early February 2014 a still life by Juan Gris sold
for $56.7 million and a cityscape by Pissarro sold for $32 million. The previous record for Gris was set in
2010 for $28.6 million at Christie's, New York. Staggeringly high prices for art at the top end of the
market have made headlines recently, as an expanding class of collectors in emerging markets as well as
easy money from the world's central banks have spurred prices to higher levels than ever. However, the
once-dominant impressionist market has been eclipsed in recent years by the booming market for post-
war and contemporary works, which have seen prices escalate year after year.
The recent November 2013 Post-War and Contemporary auction at Christie's was the highest auction
series total in art market history. Francis Bacon's triptych, "Three Studies of Lucian Freud," sold for
$142.4 million becoming the most valuable work of art ever sold at auction. Additionally, Jeff Koons'
Balloon Dog sold for $58.4 million, becoming the most valuable work sold at auction by a living artist.
The two-day auction series devoted to Post-War and Contemporary Art achieved a grand total of
$782,368,375. The total value of contemporary art sales has grown from $850 million to about $6 billion
in nearly a decade. Simply put, the whole contemporary art market has shifted into overdrive. Today,
major contemporary art collectors come from all around the world — Brazil, Mexico, South Korea, and
beyond. Collectors are continuing to emerge from Russia, China, India, and various Arab Emirates, and
so demand in the international art market endures.
Recent popularization of art fairs plays a contributing role with regards to increased global visibility for
various artists helping to catapult their work to astronomical levels. Art fairs have exploded everywhere
including the Middle East, the Far East, Latin America, and Russia. This phenomenon, in addition to the
proliferation of online venues for sales, ensures that any work of art is available to a global audience.
The Art Index has more than doubled, surpassing the increase in the indices for equities and bond
markets and begging the question of whether the art market's outperformance of equities, stocks, and
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bonds is sustainable. Demand in the international art market has been driven by increasing wealth in
emerging markets, especially that of the Far East.
Stamp & Coins:
The worldwide stamp market is healthy and strong, with mid-level to rare material leading the
way. Collectors from China, India and Russia are driving the market, forcing prices steadily
upwards. Even material from the 1930's to the 1970's has been climbing in value, often bringing well in
excess of catalog value. An India 1948 10 Rupees Gandhi official stamp sold at a David Feldman auction
for $189,000. And classic rarities are achieving previously unheard of levels. A China 1897 small $1 on 3c
red revenue was hammered down at an InterAsia Hong Kong auction for HK$6,900,000 (US$890,000).
Early Great Britain and Commonwealth, France and Colonies, and European offices abroad material are
doing very well. There seems to be great interest in proofs, essays, unissued stamps, errors, and other
peripheral material. Even Canada is seeing solid growth in its classic period. The United States market is
particularly strong in postmaster's provisionals, Pony Express related items, classic inverts and errors,
and Confederate States stamps and covers. While there is some weakness in traditional classic material,
the truly rare and different items are achieving record prices. One of the famed Hawaii Missionary
covers, bearing the 2C and 5C type II stamps in Very Fine condition, was sold at Robert Siegel Auction
Galleries for US$1,950,000.
In the United States coin market, high-quality and rarity reign supreme. The world record for a single
coin was achieved in 2013 when Stack's Bowers Galleries sold the finest known example of the United
States 1794 Flowing Hair silver dollar for just over $10,000,000. With the stabilizing of the gold and
silver spot prices, collectors are also showing renewed interest in more common coins such as Morgan
dollars, Standing Liberty quarters, and Mercury dimes. There is strong competition for scarce and rare
items, especially coins from China, Japan, India and Russia. And, of course, there are some amazing
realizations for world-class rarities. Heritage Auctions recently sold a Brazil 1822 6400 Reis gold coin for
$499,375, a Mexico 1711 8 Escudos gold coin for $293,750, and a Canada 1936 George V Dot Cent for
$246,750. Collectors are focusing on high condition grade pieces, pattern coins, and the more obscure
seldom-seen items. The usually rather sleepy area of ancient coin collecting has also seen an uptick in
activity, especially for Greek and Roman gold.
-Jason Nelson, Specialist, Watches, Coins, Paper Money, Stamps, and Jewelry
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APPRAISAL TERMINOLOGY & DEFINITIONS
Fair Market Value: Fair Market Value (FMV) is the price that property would sell for on the
open market between a willing buyer and a willing seller, with neither being required to act,
and both having reasonable knowledge of the relevant facts. If you put a restriction on the use
of property you donate, the FMV must reflect that restriction.
This succinct definition is stated in several IRS rules and regulations and publications. However,
application of Fair Market Value has been specified and modified by various court decisions. For
a complete discussion of these decisions see Art Law: The Guide for Collectors, Investors,
Dealers and Artists.
Replacement Value: The amount it would cost to replace an item with one of similar and like
quality purchased in the most appropriate marketplace in a limited amount of time.
Comment: Replacement Value is applied, almost exclusively, to insurance policies. Replacement
Value is generally the highest valuation figure for personal property.
Liquidation Value: The price realized in a sale situation under forced or limiting conditions and
under time constraints. This action may be initiated by the owner or the crediting institution.
Comment: It is implicit in this definition that Liquidation Value will generally be lower than
other types of valuation.
Salvage: A valuation term implying abandonment by the rightful owner in which the recoverant
may be entitled to a pre-agreed percentage of any net price realized in a future sale.
Comment: Although there have been some exceptions, salvage is generally the lowest type of
price realized in a sale situation.
Marketable Cash Value: The value realized, net of expenses, by a willing seller disposing of
property in a competitive and open market to a willing buyer, both being reasonably
knowledgeable of all the relevant facts and neither being under constraint to buy or sell.
Comment: It is implicit in this definition that the sale takes place within an agreed upon time
period, with a specified method of payment, and that the sale will take place in the best
available marketplace, and that sufficient time is allowed to advertise properly. Marketable
Cash Value is most appropriately applied to equitable distribution situations, when tangible
property may be exchanged for cash or other financial arrangements. It should also be noted
that several tax attorneys are currently challenging the IRS in the hope that marketable cash
value may be substituted for fair market value for the calculation of estate tax liabilities.
Primary and Secondary Markets:
Primary market is one created by either the maker or agent of the maker when an object is
sold for the first time.
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Secondary market is the venue for sale of an object between a seller and a buyer neither of
whom had participated in the creation or initial sale of the object.
Comment: In the instance of multiples, a valid secondary market cannot exist while the maker
or his agent retains a supply of the original offering.
Tertiary market occurs in forced sale situations such as liquidation or salvage sales.
Valuation Approaches
Income Approach: Used to determine the value of a work of art or object which will be used to
generate future income, most commonly through leasing, rental, or reproduction, but not
through a one-time only sale with transfer of title and/or copyright.
Cost Approach: Used to determine the value of a work of an object based upon the cost of
duplicating or recreating an identical piece. This approach may be applied to the decorative arts
when the methods of construction or materials used are replicable and of significant inherent
value. This approach is never applicable to fine arts in which the value of the item being
appraised is unaffected by the lack of inherent value of the materials used in its creation (e.g.
paint, canvas, paper, etc.)
Comparative Market Data Approach: The most commonly applied approach when appraising
personal property, in which appraised value is based upon past prices for similar works by the
same artist or artisan, or similar works by another artist or artisan of equal standing and related
reputation.
Certified Appraiser: One who has been awarded this designation by a testing, self-regulating
organization such as the Appraisers Association of America or the American Society of
Appraisers.
Comment: Currently there is no federal or state licensing of personal property appraisers. One
may wish to verify that the certifying organization is a non-profit, tax-exempt entity which must
conform to federal criteria and regulation.
Certified Appraisal: An appraisal which has been prepared by an appraiser who has been
certified by a testing, self-regulated organization, using criteria established by that organization.
Qualified Appraiser: A definition, codified by the IRS, encompassing any appraiser who has not
been disqualified by the IRS, who state themselves to be qualified to appraise the property in
question.
Qualified Appraisal: According to the IRS, an appraisal which has been prepared by a qualified
appraiser in accordance with the specific IRS rules and regulations.
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Equitable Distribution: A division of assets in which two or more persons or businesses, each
having a share, agree to a method of distribution or rely upon a third party or court to make
such decision.
Comment: In certain cases, there may a pre-existing agreement that determines the method of
distribution. It is implicit in this definition that the parameters of value and the valuation
method are determined by all concerned parties before the appraisal is begun.
Most Appropriate Market or Marketplace: The venue in which the appraiser determines an
object can be sold most easily and at the highest price.
Comment: Frequently in the case of personal property, where comparables are scarce, the
most appropriate market can be a combination of auction sales and private gallery sales.
Highest and Best Use: A real estate term which is frequently equivalent synonymous to "Most
Appropriate Market."
Related Use Rule: An IRS rule applied to charitable contributions, stating that in order to
receive the full allowable tax deduction, a donor must donate property to an institution whose
mission explicitly includes the acquisition and use of such property.
Statement of Assumptions and Limiting Conditions: A statement by the appraiser listing the
parameters of the appraisal, the responsibilities of the appraiser and the information and
procedures for which the appraiser does not assume responsibility.
Comment: The Statement of Assumptions and Limiting Conditions must appear in the Affidavit
section of the appraisal and it must be part of the contractual agreement between the
appraiser and client.
Letter of Transmittal: A letter addressed to the client accompanying the final appraisal
document.
Comment: This letter may or may not restate the following elements which must be contained
in the appraisal and in the appraisal contract: purpose of appraisal, date of appraisal and
effective date of appraisal, for whom the appraisal is being executed, where and when the
property was seen, valuation method and market analyses, number of items appraised, total
value, number of pages of the report, statement of disinterest, statement of fee structure,
credentials of the appraiser, statement of compliance with a given code of ethics, statement
that the appraiser has initialed each page and that it can only be presented in its entirety,
statement that the appraisal can be used only by the party for whom it was written and only for
the stated purpose and the appraiser's tax identification number. In the instance of a charitable
contribution appraisal, the appraiser may include the name of the donee institution in the letter
of transmittal.
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Comparables: The prices realized for similar and comparable items to those being appraised,
which have been sold in the most appropriate market.
Comment: Comparables are provided to substantiate the value arrived at by the appraiser.
They are mandatory for most donation appraisals, and may be provided by the appraiser in
other situations when the appraiser judges them to be necessary.
Tax Identification Number: The Social Security number of the appraiser preparing the
document or the employer's identification number of a corporation supplying an appraisal.
Comment: The tax identification number is required for all donation appraisals and it is
recommended for inclusion in all other appraisals.
Blockage Discount: A principle applied to the valuation of large groups of similar and like items
which, if sold during a limited period of time, would result in a depression of the prices one
might expect if sold separately in an ordinary market cycle. Consequently blockage discount is
narrowly defined as the percentage the appraiser would apply to reduce the total valuation to
compensate for this situation.
Comment: Blockage discount is normally applied to estate valuations, especially in the cases of
artists' estates, when large inventories of single artists must be valued. However, all appraisers
should consider the applicability of blockage discounts when valuing large groups of similar and
like items.
Long Term Capital Gains: An IRS term applied to the profit resulting from the sale of items
owned for more than one year.
Affidavit: A sworn attestation usually given by a witness or expert.
Comment: Appraisers may elect to include an affidavit stating which elements in the appraisal
are certified, and listing those which they chose not to include or those for which they assume
no responsibility.
Disclaimer: A listing of elements for which the appraiser does not accept responsibility.
Comment: Elements of the disclaimer are normally included in the appraiser's affidavit.
Assumptions and Limiting Conditions of the Appraisal: A listing in the appraisal of those
elements included and those elements excluded.
Comment: Assumptions and Limiting Conditions are generally included in the appraiser's
affidavit. It is generally appropriate for the appraiser to explain why he or she has chosen to
exclude specific elements as part of the description of limiting conditions.
Alternate Valuation Date: A date, usually six months after the date of death, which may in
certain circumstances, be elected by the executor to be used as the effective valuation date of
assets in the decedent's gross estate for estate tax purposes.
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Comment: The use of the alternate valuation date can benefit an estate that holds an asset or
assets that decline materially in value during the period that immediately follows the
decedent's death.
Appraisal: A document containing a valuation executed for specific purposes following specified
guidelines.
Appraiser: The individual who prepares the appraisal.
Depreciation in Value: The decrease in value over time.
Appreciation in Value: An increase in value over time.
Personal Property: All tangible property other than real property.
Real Property: Land and the building attached to the land.
Comment: For a building to be part of real property, the land and the building must share the
same title. Otherwise, the building becomes part of personal property.
Actual Cash Value: Generally synonymous with Market Value in which payment is restricted to
cash.
Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice: Procedure and guidelines for correctly
prepared appraisals established by the Appraisal Foundation.
Comment: The Appraisal Foundation is an independent organization established by several
appraisal associations, which now receives federal funds, and is empowered by Congress to
establish standards for all aspects of the appraisal profession.
Appraisal Methodology: The procedures and rules for executing appraisals.
Courtesy of Appraisers Association of America
Copyright, Appraisers Association of America. 2002.
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FINE JEWELRY: DEFINITIONS OF TERMS
DIAMONDS AND COLORED STONES
Diamond and colored stones are valued based on the following criteria when significant:
CARAT
Carat is the measure of weight, not the size of the stone. It is a small unit of measure equal to
200 milligrams. The word "carat" is derived from "carob", the tree whose seeds became the
standard for measuring diamonds. A 1 carat diamond is made up of 100 units called "points".
Therefore, a 50 point diamond is a 14 carat or .50 carat. ("Carat" in reference to the weight of a
stone should not be confused with "karat" in reference to gold.)
COLOR
Diamonds are assigned a color grade based upon the amount of body color exhibited when
compared to a set of Master Color Diamonds which have been color-graded and registered by
the GIA Gem Trade Laboratory. In most cases, diamonds are graded using a standardized light
source equivalent to daylight.
The color grading scale is as follows:
D E F G H I 1 K L MNOPQR STUVXYZ Z+
COLORLESS NEAR FAINT VERY LIGHT LIGHT YELLOW FANCY
COLORLESS YELLOW YELLOW YELLOW
CLARITY
Clarity is an indication of a diamond's purity. Clarity is determined by the overall number, size,
and location of inclusions (flaws). The U.S. Federal Trade Commission established the jewelry
industry's standard for diamond clarity based on 10-power magnification. As such, the appraiser
assigns diamonds a clarity grade based upon examination under a 10 x binocular microscope
equipped with dark field illumination.
The clarity grading scale is as follows:
FLAWLESS I.F. VVS1' vvs2 VS1 VS2 Sli SI2 11 e I,
INTERNALLY VERY VERY VERY SLIGHTLY IMPERFECT
FLAWLESS SLIGHTLY SLIGHTLY INCLUDED EYE VISIBLE
INCLUDED INCLUDED INCLUSIONS
CUT
Cut refers both to the shape of a diamond and the precise arrangement of its facets. The most
popular cuts are Brilliant (AKA Round), Emerald, Princess, Oval, Pear, Marquise, and Heart.
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PEARLS
Pearls are valued based on the following criteria when significant:
SHAPE
Round — well — matched, globular (most valuable)
Half-round — flat bottoms
Baroque — irregular
Fresh water — irregular
BODY COLOR
There are six main body colors found in pearls: white, cream, pink, gold, black, and green. Pearls
are also found in blended color variations such as lavender, silver, and gray. Pearls are ideally
graded in natural daylight using a white background. If natural light is unavailable, fluorescent
light is the next best lighting. Color evaluation of pearls is controversial as a value factor. While
color is significant, it is not granted over-importance in the final estimation of value. The
evaluation of color is more difficult and rather subjective, as there are subtleties of market
preference based on attitudes of specific clients and regional preferences.
LUSTER
Pearls are rated according to the fineness of their luster. Luster is determined by the intensity of
the reflection found on the surface of apearl which results from light striking the surface. Luster
is seen on a smooth surface where no ridges are present to reflect the light in manydirections.
The more mirror like the surface reflection of a pearl, the better the quality. In evaluating pearls,
the appraiser assigned a lusterrating of very good, good, and fair.
MATCH
Match is an indication of continuity and quality in a strand of pearls. In a well-matched strand,
the pearls are similar in shape and give the viewer the overall impression of evenness. A well-
matched strand is given a higher value consideration than one of mixed shapes. In evaluating a
strand of pearls, the appraiser assigned a matching rating of very good, good, and fair.
BLEMISHES
Blemishes, or spotting, are the wrinkles, cracks, gaps, bumps, or dull spots on the surface skin of
pearls. The most important criterion for assessing the value of a pearl is the perfection of the
skin, i.e., the lack of blemishes. As such, the appraiser has indicated any apparent blemishes.
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TERMS AND LIMITING CONDITIONS
This Appraisal is given subject to these Terms and Conditions, all of which are a part of this Appraisal, unless
expressly set aside in writing.
1. Unless otherwise stated herein, this Appraisal is based only on the readily apparent identity of the items
appraised, and no further opinion or guarantee of authenticity, genuineness, attribution or authorship is made.
2. Unless otherwise stated herein, the appraised values are based on the whole ownership and possessory interest
undiminished by any liens, fractional interest or any other form of encumbrance or alienation.
3. The Appraisal is made at the request of the parties for their sole use. It is not an indication or certificate of title
or ownership. The identification of the interest of the requesting party is simply that represented to the Appraiser
by such party and no inquiry or investigation has been made, nor is any opinion given as to the truth of such
representation.
4. The values expressed herein are based on the Appraiser's best judgment and opinion and are not a
representation or warranty that the items will realize those values if offered for sale at auction or otherwise. The
values expressed are based on current information and no opinion is hereby expressed as to any future value, or
unless otherwise expressly stated, to any past value.
S. Unless expressly stated, the condition of the items is assumed to be good. Functional obsolescence (damage as
to render the item unusable for its essential purpose) or Economic obsolescence (lack of demand) of appraised
items will only be noted if applicable.
6. In conjunction with this Appraisal, should additional services of the Appraiser be requested by the client, his
agent or attorney, or the Court (such as added time researching for other value purposes, pretrial conferences,
Court appearances, Court preparations, etc.) compensation for same shall be at the customary hourly rate charged
by the Appraiser at that time; and the availability of the Appraiser shall be subject to the Appraiser's schedule and
reasonable notice by the client. The client shall pay all such fees upon receipt of a statement.
7. This Appraisal is prepared for the persons named on Page One herein and any use of or reliance on by third
parties is prohibited unless authorized in writing by the Appraiser. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Appraiser
hereby authorizes the persons named on Page One to disclose the contents hereof to their financiers, agents and
representatives only to the extent necessary, provided that such financiers, agents and representatives of the
persons named on Page One shall first obtain from any such third parties their agreement in writing as a condition
of disclosure that they may not rely on the information or opinions herein and that they hold harmless Appraiser
with respect to any such information or opinions.
8. Sales tax, excise tax, delivery costs, commissions, advertising, storage costs, marketing costs and costs or repairs
have not been included in this Appraisal unless otherwise stated and should be added when applicable.
9. Compensation for this appraisal is not contingent upon values found.
10. The Appraiser has no present or contemplated future interest in the appraised property, unless otherwise
stated.
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KELLY SCHABER, G.G.
JEWELRY AND WATCHES
WORK EXPERIENCE
Winston Art Group, New York, NY (2014-Present)
Specialist in jewelry and watches
James & Lily Jewelry, New York, NY (2009-Present)
Owner/Jewelry Designer
Classique Creations, New York, NY (2011-2014)
Product Development/Customer Service Manager
Ampi Inc., New York, NY (2010-2011)
Staff Gemologist/Senior Sales Executive
Costco, Seattle, WA (2010)
Gemologist/In charge of Quality Control
SSS/Clothingline.com, New York, NY (2008-2010)
Sales/Customer Service
SDNY, New York, NY (2005-2008)
Senior Sales Executive — Loose Diamonds
Gottlieb & Sons Inc., Cleveland, OH (2001-2005)
Casting Coordinator/Customer Service Manager
EDUCATION
Gemological Institute of America
Graduate Gemologist 2010
Applied Jewelry Professional 2010
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