EFTA00157026Set 9
2020-11-1913p8,426w
complex and nuanced (McAlinden 2013). Indeed, it is often difficult to
differentiate normal adult/child interactions from those that are sexually motivated, as the behaviors
may appear similar on the surface ... which many of the behaviors in and of
themselves are harmless or appropriate adult/child interactions, it is unlikely that law enforcement
would detect many of the sexual grooming behaviors prior ... potentially predatory sexual grooming behaviors, as to be expected given the similarity to
normal adult/child interactions. The inability to differentiate sexually versus non-sexually driven
behaviors with children poses
https://www.justice.gov/epstein/files/DataSet%209/EFTA00157026.pdf
EFTA00157004Set 9
2020-01-1022p8,934w
specific behaviors constitute sexual grooming,
given that the behaviors may not be unlike normal adult/child interactions
(Craven et al., 2006), and there has yet to be a validated model ... deliberate process that is highly complex
and nuanced, with behaviors often mirroring normal adult/child interactions
(Knoll, 2010; McAlinden, 2013). Therefore, it is difficult to establish represen-
tative prevalence rates ... especially given that many grooming behaviors in and of themselves are not
unlike normal adult/child interactions. Identifying the 42 behaviors that were
deemed relevant to the sexual grooming process
https://www.justice.gov/epstein/files/DataSet%209/EFTA00157004.pdf
EFTA00156832Set 9
2016-02-0111p6,024w
identify (Conte, Wolf, and Smith 1989). Distinguishing between sexually motivated
grooming and normal adult/child interactions is especially difficult when the witnesses have no
knowledge of the grooming tactics employed ... fact that many of these behaviors
appear innocent and may be typical of normal adult/child interactions. The only study that has
empirically examined this hypothesis found that participants, contrary
https://www.justice.gov/epstein/files/DataSet%209/EFTA00156832.pdf